Safety and Health Management System, Safety Climate, and Accident Occurrences in Hospitals: The Study of Needlestick, Sharp Injuries and Recidivism Rates

Jafar Akbari; Ahmad Ghadami; Mohammad Reza Taheri; Nasrin Khosravi; Shirin Zamani

doi:10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_431_20

Safety and Health Management System, Safety Climate, and Accident Occurrences in Hospitals: The Study of Needlestick, Sharp Injuries and Recidivism Rates

Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2023 Sep 8;28(5):550-558. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_431_20. eCollection 2023 Sep-Oct.

Authors

Jafar Akbari¹, Ahmad Ghadami², Mohammad Reza Taheri³, Nasrin Khosravi⁴, Shirin Zamani⁵

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Work, Organisation and Wellbeing ( WOW), Griffith University, and Wellbeing, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.
² Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
³ Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.
⁴ Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁵ Emam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Abstract

Background: Hospital Safety and Health Management System (HSH-MS) and Hospital Safety Climate (HSC) are the significant elements to develop safe work practices. The current study aimed to examine the dimensions of HSH-MS and HSC and the association with the prevalence of Needlestick and Sharp Injury (NSI) and NSI recidivism.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1070 nurses in Iranian hospitals (89% response rate).

Results: More than 54% (n = 579) had sustained at least 1 NSI in the previous year. The NSI recidivism rate was 8.6% and recidivists were more likely to be younger, female, married, with higher Body Mass Index (BMI), and on night shift. Two aspects of HSH-MS including management leadership and employee participation were associated with the incidence of NSIs Odds Ratio (OR): 1.91 and 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.69-1.21; OR: 1.29 and 95% CI: 0.92-1.82) and NSI recidivism rate (OR: 1.98 and 95% CI: 0.55-1.74; OR: 1.12 and 95% CI: 0.83-1.49). Furthermore, three dimensions of HSC comprising management support (OR: 1.02 and 95% CI: 0.93-1.11 for NSIs; OR: 1.21 and 95% CI: 0.77-1.22 for NSI recidivism), absence of job hindrances (OR: 1.06 and 95% CI: 0.98-1.16 for NSIs; OR: 1.11 and 95% CI: 0.96-1.30 for NSI recidivism) and cleanliness/orderliness (OR: 1.07 and 95% CI: 0.98-1.08 for NSIs; OR: 0.84 and 95% CI: 0.87-0.97 for NSI recidivism) were correlated with reduced NSIs risk.

Conclusions: This study suggests that HSH-MSs and employees' safety climate are significant factors, which are correlated with not only the prevalence of recurrent NSIs but also the single NSI in hospitals.

Keywords: Hospital safety climate; hospital safety and health management system; needlestick and sharp injuries; recidivism rate.