The seasonal change of PAHs in Svalbard surface snow

Environ Pollut. 2024 Jan 1;340(Pt 1):122864. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122864. Epub 2023 Nov 2.

Abstract

The Arctic region is threatened by contamination deriving from both long-range pollution and local human activities. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental tracers of emission, transport and deposition processes. A first campaign has been conducted at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, from October 2018 to May 2019, monitoring weekly concentrations of PAHs in Arctic surface snow. The trend of the 16 high priority PAH compounds showed that long-range inputs occurred mainly in the winter, with concentrations ranging from 0.8 ng L-1 to 37 ng L-1. In contrast to this, the most abundant analyte retene, showed an opposite seasonal trend with highest values in autumn and late spring (up to 97 ng L-1), while in winter this compound remained below 3 ng L-1. This is most likely due to local contributions from outcropping coal deposits and stockpiles. Our results show a general agreement with the atmospheric signal, although significant skews can be attributed to post-depositional processes, wind erosion, melting episodes and redistribution.

Keywords: Arctic; PAHs; Retene; Snow; Winter.

MeSH terms

  • Air Pollutants* / analysis
  • China
  • Environmental Monitoring / methods
  • Humans
  • Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons* / analysis
  • Seasons
  • Snow
  • Svalbard

Substances

  • Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  • Air Pollutants