Preventing HIV mother-to-child transmission in a vertically infected pregnant woman with multiclass drug resistance, role of bis-in-die dolutegravir and neonatal AZT prophylaxis: A case report

Heliyon. 2023 Nov 29;10(1):e23072. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23072. eCollection 2024 Jan 15.

Abstract

A suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) is necessary to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV during pregnancy. During this period, it is recommended to continue an ongoing safe and suppressive regimen, but history of multiclass drug-resistance (MDR) might need tailored, uncommon approaches posing tolerability and toxicity issues. This is the case of a 33 years of age, vertically infected woman with MDR HIV infection suppressed on a darunavir/cobicistat + atazanavir regimen switched during pregnancy to lamivudine + darunavir/ritonavir + dolutegravir 50 mg bis-in-die, maintaining complete viral suppression and delivering via caesarian section and without zidovudine (AZT) intrapartum prophylaxis a healthy HIV-negative newborn who received AZT post-exposure prophylaxis and showed regular growth patterns up to 2 years. Our case shows how archived MDR might complicate the preservation of HIV RNA suppression and highlights the importance of a tailored, multidisciplinary approach for pregnant women with MDR HIV and their newborns.

Keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; Case report; HIV; Mother-to-child transmission; Multi-drug resistance.

Publication types

  • Case Reports