The Effects of Preoperative Glycaemic Control (HbA1c) on Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Outcomes: Data from a Tertiary-Referral Bariatric Centre in the UK

Obes Surg. 2024 Mar;34(3):850-854. doi: 10.1007/s11695-023-06964-x. Epub 2024 Jan 15.

Abstract

Background: Current recommendations advocate the achievement of an optimal glucose control (HbA1c < 69 mmol/mol) prior to elective surgery to reduce risks of peri- and post-operative complications, but the relevance for this glycaemic threshold prior to Bariatric Metabolic Surgery (BMS) following a specialist weight management programme remains unclear.

Methods: We undertook a retrospective cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who underwent BMS over a 6-year period (2016-2022) at a regional tertiary referral following completion of a specialist multidisciplinary weight management. Post-operative outcomes of interest included 30-day mortality, readmission rates, need for Intensive Care Unit (ICU) care and hospital length of stay (LOS) and were assessed according to HbA1c cut-off values of < 69 (N = 202) and > 69 mmol/mol (N = 67) as well as a continuous variable.

Results: A total of 269 patients with T2D were included in this study. Patients underwent primary Roux en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB, n = 136), Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG, n = 124), insertion of gastric band (n = 4) or one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB, n = 4). No significant differences in the rates of complications were observed between the two groups of pre-operative HbA1c cut-off values. No HbA1c threshold was observed for glycaemic control that would affect the peri- and post-operative complications following BMS.

Conclusions: We observed no associations between pre-operative HbA1C values and the risk of peri- and post-operative complications. In the context of a specialist multidisciplinary weight management programme, optimising pre-operative HbA1C to a recommended target value prior to BMS may not translate into reduced risks of peri- and post-operative complications.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Complications; Glycated haemoglobin; HbA1c; Intensive care; Length of stay; Mortality; Peri-operative; Post-operative; Type 2 diabetes.

MeSH terms

  • Bariatric Surgery* / adverse effects
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / surgery
  • Gastrectomy / adverse effects
  • Gastric Bypass* / adverse effects
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Glycemic Control / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Obesity, Morbid* / surgery
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Referral and Consultation
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United Kingdom / epidemiology

Substances

  • Glycated Hemoglobin