The mediating role of social support in associations between childhood adversity, military sexual trauma, and homelessness in a nationally representative sample of US veterans

J Community Psychol. 2024 Mar;52(2):399-414. doi: 10.1002/jcop.23105. Epub 2024 Jan 30.

Abstract

Among veterans, availability of social support and histories of military sexual trauma (MST) and/or adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are particularly salient correlates of homelessness. Using path analyses, we investigated whether social support (i.e., interpersonal social support and community integration) would at least partially account for the relationships of MST and ACEs with any lifetime homelessness in a large, nationally representative sample of veterans (N = 4069, 9.8% female). Interpersonal social support and community integration partially explained the relationship between ACEs and any lifetime homelessness. However, they did not mediate the relationship between MST and any lifetime homelessness. Female veterans also reported higher trauma rates and lower perceived social support than male counterparts during correlational analyses. These results reinforce existing literature on the importance of research and interventions tailored to veterans with low social support and integration. Results have potential to inform interventions and policy for veterans experiencing and/or at risk for homelessness.

Keywords: childhood adversity; community psychology; military psychology; military sexual trauma; social support; veteran homelessness; veteran mental health.

MeSH terms

  • Adverse Childhood Experiences*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ill-Housed Persons*
  • Male
  • Military Sexual Trauma
  • Social Support
  • Veterans*