Maximum stress hyperglycemia ratio within the first 24 h of admission predicts mortality during and after the acute phase of acute coronary syndrome in patients with and without diabetes: A retrospective cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database

Abstract

Aims: The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is significantly associated with short-term adverse cardiovascular events. However, the association between SHR and mortality after the acute phase of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains controversial.

Methods: This study used data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV database. Patients with ACS hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) were retrospectively enrolled.

Results: A total of 2668 ACS patients were enrolled. The incidence of in-hospital and 1-year mortality was 4.7 % and 13.2 %, respectively. The maximum SHR had a higher prognostic value for predicting both in-hospital and 1-year mortality than the first SHR. Adding the maximum SHR to the SOFA score could significantly improve the prognostic prediction. In the landmark analysis at 30 days, the maximum SHR was a risk factor for mortality within 30 days regardless of whether patients had diabetes. However, it was no longer associated with mortality after 30 days in patients with diabetes after adjustment (HR = 1.237 per 1-point increment, 95 % CI 0.854-1.790).

Conclusions: The maximum SHR was significantly associated with mortality in patients with ACS hospitalized in the ICU. However, caution is warranted if it is used for predicting mortality after 30 days in patients with diabetes.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Diabetes; Intensive care unit; MIMIC-IV database; Mortality; Stress hyperglycemia ratio.