Exposure factors in the occurrence and development of melasma (Review)

Yijun Chen; Gautham Vellaichamy; Samantha L Schneider; Wei Kong; Zhichao Liu

doi:10.3892/etm.2024.12419

Exposure factors in the occurrence and development of melasma (Review)

Exp Ther Med. 2024 Feb 6;27(4):131. doi: 10.3892/etm.2024.12419. eCollection 2024 Apr.

Authors

Yijun Chen¹, Gautham Vellaichamy², Samantha L Schneider², Wei Kong¹, Zhichao Liu¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Dermatology, The Secondary Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China.
² Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology Research, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.

Abstract

Melasma is an acquired pigmentation disease that mainly involves the development of symmetrical yellow-brown facial patches. The incidence rate of the disease is increasing yearly. Therefore, actively studying the exposure factors that induce melasma could contribute to the prevention and treatment of this disease. In the present review, the possible exposure factors were summarized.

Keywords: dermal factors; exposure factors; genetic factors; melasma; microRNAs; oestrogen; oxygen free radical; ultraviolet.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

Funding: The present study was supported by the Tai'an City Science and Technology Innovation Development Project (grant no. 2021NS328), the Shandong First Medical University Doctoral Fund Support Program, the Shandong First Medical University Academic Improvement Program (grant no. 2019QL010) and the Key Laboratory of Major Diseases and Hydrogen Medical Translational Applications in Universities of Shandong and Key Laboratory of Hydrogen Biomedical Research of Health Commission of Shandong.