A metabolomics footprinting approach using GC-MS to study inhibitory effects of the fungal metabolite diplopyrone C against nosocomial pathogen biofilms

J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2024 Jun 15:243:116081. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116081. Epub 2024 Mar 2.

Abstract

Seen initially as wonder drugs, the widespread and often inappropriate use of antibiotics led to the development of microbial resistances. As a result, a true emergency has arisen, and a significant need has emerged to discover and develop new safe and valuable antibiotics. The captivating chemical structure of the fungal metabolite diplopyrone C has caught our attention as an excellent candidate for a circumstantial study aimed at revealing its antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. In this work, we describe the full analytical strategy from the isolation/identification to the evaluation of the metabolomics effect on target microorganisms of this fungal metabolite. Our results show interesting antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of diplopyrone C against two frequently isolated nosocomial pathogens (i.e., the fungus Candida albicans and the gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae). Moreover, a GC-MS based metabolomics footprinting approach gave an insight into the uptake and excretion of metabolites from and into the culture medium as a response to the presence of this active substance. The workflow employed in this study is suitable to exploit natural resources for the search of lead compounds for drug development.

Keywords: Botryosphaeriaceae; Candida albicans; Diplodia corticola; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Mass spectrometry; α-Pyrones.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Infective Agents* / pharmacology
  • Biofilms
  • Cross Infection*
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Humans
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Pyrones*

Substances

  • diplopyrone
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Pyrones