Hybrid off-grid energy systems optimal sizing with integrated hydrogen storage based on deterministic balance approach

Alaa Selim; Mohamed El-Shimy; Ghada Amer; Ilham Ihoume; Hasan Masrur; Josep M Guerrero

doi:10.1038/s41598-024-55631-3

Hybrid off-grid energy systems optimal sizing with integrated hydrogen storage based on deterministic balance approach

Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 22;14(1):6888. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-55631-3.

Authors

Alaa Selim^{1

2

3}, Mohamed El-Shimy⁴, Ghada Amer⁵, Ilham Ihoume⁶, Hasan Masrur⁷, Josep M Guerrero^{8

9

10}

Affiliations

¹ Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA. alaa.selim@uconn.edu.
² Electrical Power and Machines Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. alaa.selim@uconn.edu.
³ University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052 , Australia. alaa.selim@uconn.edu.
⁴ Electrical Power and Machines Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
⁵ Electrical Power and Machines Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
⁶ Solar Energy and Environment Laboratory, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
⁷ Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Mobility and Logistics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Center for Research on Microgrids (UPC CROM), Department of Electronic Engineering, Barcelona East School of Engineering (EEBE), BarcelonaTech (UPC), 08019, Barcelona, Spain.
⁹ Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
¹⁰ Center for Research on Microgrids (AAU CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220, Aalborg East, Denmark.

Abstract

The transition to sustainable power infrastructure necessitates integrating various renewable energy sources efficiently. Our study introduces the deterministic balanced method (DBM) for optimizing hybrid energy systems, with a particular focus on using hydrogen for energy balance. The DBM translates the sizing optimization problem into a deterministic one, significantly reducing the number of iterations compared to state-of-the-art methods. Comparative analysis with HOMER Pro demonstrates a strong alignment of results, with deviations limited to a 5% margin, confirming the precision of our method in sizing determinations. Utilizing solar and wind data, our research includes a case study of Cairo International Airport, applying the DBM to actual energy demands.

Keywords: Deterministic approach; Energy systems; Hybrid; Hydrogen system; Off-grid; Sizing optimization; Solar PV; Wind turbines.