(1) Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) gains importance as novel treatment options for individuals with esophagogastric tumors to improve long-term survival. Impaired HRQoL has been shown to be a predictor of overall survival. Sarcopenia is a known prognostic factor for postoperative complications. As the regular control of sarcopenia through CT scans might not always be possible and HRQoL and nutritional scores are easier to obtain, this study aimed to assess the relationship between nutritional scores, HRQoL and skeletal muscle mass in patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract. (2) Methods: Eighty patients presenting with tumors of the upper GI tract were included and asked to fill out the standardized HRQoL questionnaire, EORTC's QLQ-C30. Nutritional status was assessed using the MNA, MUST and NRS 2002 scores. Sarcopenia was determined semi-automatically based on the skeletal muscle index at the L3 vertebrae level in staging CT scans. (3) Results: In chemo-naïve patients, HRQoL summary scores correlated significantly with nutritional scores and SMI. SMI and HRQoL prior to neoadjuvant therapy correlated significantly with SMI after treatment. (4) Conclusions: HRQoL is a helpful tool for assessing patients' overall constitution. The correlation of HRQoL summary scores and SMI might allow for a rough assessment of skeletal muscle status through HRQoL assessment in chemo-naïve patients.
Keywords: HRQoL; gastrointestinal cancer; nutrition; quality of life; sarcopenia.