Tobacco use disparities in rural communities

J Rural Health. 2024 Sep;40(4):738-744. doi: 10.1111/jrh.12838. Epub 2024 Apr 11.
[Article in Italian]

Abstract

Purpose: This exploratory study described facilitators and barriers to reducing tobacco disparities in 2 small rural communities and identified ways to reduce tobacco use.

Methods: This was a descriptive design using qualitative methods. We created a resource database for 2 rural Kentucky counties, using a Culture of Health Framework. We recruited 16 organizational stakeholders serving low-socioeconomic populations and conducted focus groups and key informant interviews. We also completed key informant interviews with 7 tobacco users. Lastly, we tailored Community Action Plans for each county based on the data and then solicited feedback from the key stakeholders.

Findings: The 2 counties were similar in population size, but County A had fewer resources than County B, and the stakeholders expressed differences toward tobacco use and quitting. County A stakeholders talked most about the protobacco culture and that tobacco users accept the risks of smoking outweighing the benefits of quitting; they also expressed concerns about youth use and the influences of family, society, and industry. County B stakeholders described ambivalence about the health effects of use and quitting. County A's Action Plan identified an opportunity to build Community Health Worker-delivered tobacco treatment into a new school-based health center. County B's Action Plan focused on reaching tobacco users by providing incentives for participation and tailoring messages to different audiences.

Conclusions: Tobacco control resources and stakeholder perspectives vary in small rural communities, implying a need for tailored approaches. Tobacco users in rural areas are a critical population to target with cessation resources.

Keywords: community participation; rural population; smoking; smoking cessation; socioeconomic status.

Publication types

  • English Abstract

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Female
  • Focus Groups* / methods
  • Health Status Disparities
  • Humans
  • Kentucky / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Qualitative Research*
  • Rural Population* / statistics & numerical data
  • Tobacco Use* / epidemiology