Hidradenitis suppurativa as a potential risk factor of periodontitis: a multi-center, propensity-score-matched cohort study

Int J Med Sci. 2024 Mar 25;21(5):874-881. doi: 10.7150/ijms.93178. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with systemic symptoms. Periodontitis, a prevalent dental disease, shares immune-mediated inflammatory characteristics with HS. This cohort study aims to evaluate the association between HS and periodontitis. Methods: Using the TriNetX research network, a global-federated database of electronic health records, we conducted a retrospective cohort study. People being diagnosed of HS were identified and propensity score matching was performed to identify proper control group, via balancing critical covariates Within the follow-up time of 1 year, 3 year and 5 years, hazard ratios were calculated to assess the risk of periodontitis in HS patients compared to controls. Results: Within the 53,968 HS patients and the same number of matched controls, the HS patients exhibited a significantly increased risk of developing periodontitis compared to controls after 3 years of follow-up (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.44) and 5 years of follow-up (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.24) of follow-up. Sensitivity analyses supported these findings under various matching models and washout periods. While comparing with patients with psoriasis, the association between HS and periodontitis remained significant (HR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.44). Conclusion: The observed increased risk suggests the need for heightened awareness and potential interdisciplinary care for individuals with HS to address periodontal health.

Keywords: cohort; electronic medical records; epidemiology; hidradenitis suppurativa; periodontitis.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Cohort Studies
  • Hidradenitis Suppurativa* / complications
  • Hidradenitis Suppurativa* / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Periodontitis* / complications
  • Periodontitis* / epidemiology
  • Propensity Score
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors