RAAS in diabetic retinopathy: mechanisms and therapies

Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2024 Apr 19:68:e230292. doi: 10.20945/2359-4292-2023-0292.

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes with a complex pathophysiology and multiple factors involved. Recently, it has been found that the upregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) leads to overexpression of angiotensin II (Ang II), which induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenesis in the retina. Therefore, RAAS may be a promising therapeutic target in DR. Notably, RAAS inhibitors are often used in the treatment of hypertension. Still, the potential role and mechanism of DR must be further studied. In this review, we discuss and summarize the pathology and potential therapeutic goals of RAAS in DR.

Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy; prorenin; renin; renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Angiotensin II / physiology
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Animals
  • Diabetic Retinopathy* / drug therapy
  • Diabetic Retinopathy* / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Oxidative Stress / physiology
  • Renin-Angiotensin System* / drug effects
  • Renin-Angiotensin System* / physiology

Substances

  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Angiotensin II