Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in US Women: Contemporary Prevalence Estimates from the RISE FOR HEALTH Study

J Urol. 2024 Jul;212(1):124-135. doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000004009. Epub 2024 May 4.

Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of a wide range of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in US women, and explore associations with bother and discussion with health care providers, friends, and family.

Materials and methods: We analyzed baseline data collected from May 2022 to December 2023 in the RISE FOR HEALTH study-a large, regionally representative cohort study of adult female community members. LUTS and related bother were measured by the 10-item Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network Symptom Index, and discussion was assessed by a study-specific item.

Results: Of the 3000 eligible participants, 73% (95% CI 71%-74%) reported any storage symptoms, 52% (95% CI 50%-53%) any voiding or emptying symptoms, and 11% (95% CI 10%-13%) any pain with bladder filling, for an overall LUTS prevalence of 79% (95% CI 78%-81%). This prevalence estimate included 43% (95% CI 41%-45%) of participants with mild to moderate symptoms and 37% (95% CI 35%-38%) with moderate to severe symptoms. Over one-third of participants reported LUTS-related bother (38%, 95% CI 36%-39%) and discussion (38%, 95% CI 36%-40%), whereas only 7.1% (95% CI 6.2%-8.1%) reported treatment. Urgency and incontinence (including urgency and stress incontinence) were associated with the greatest likelihood of bother and/or discussion (adjusted prevalence ratios = 1.3-2.3), even at mild to moderate levels. They were also the most commonly treated LUTS.

Conclusions: LUTS, particularly storage LUTS such as urgency and incontinence, were common and bothersome in the RISE study population, yet often untreated. Given this large burden, both prevention and treatment-related interventions are warranted to reduce the high prevalence and bother of LUTS.

Keywords: epidemiology; female; lower urinary tract symptoms.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms* / epidemiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • United States / epidemiology