Aberrant expression of NEDD4L disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis by downregulating CaMKKβ in diabetic kidney disease

J Transl Med. 2024 May 16;22(1):465. doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05207-6.

Abstract

Disturbance in mitochondrial homeostasis within proximal tubules is a critical characteristic associated with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). CaMKKβ/AMPK signaling plays an important role in regulating mitochondrial homeostasis. Despite the downregulation of CaMKKβ in DKD pathology, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. The expression of NEDD4L, which is primarily localized to renal proximal tubules, is significantly upregulated in the renal tubules of mice with DKD. Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays revealed a physical interaction between NEDD4L and CaMKKβ. Moreover, deletion of NEDD4L under high glucose conditions prevented rapid CaMKKβ protein degradation. In vitro studies revealed that the aberrant expression of NEDD4L negatively influences the protein stability of CaMKKβ. This study also explored the role of NEDD4L in DKD by using AAV-shNedd4L in db/db mice. These findings confirmed that NEDD4L inhibition leads to a decrease in urine protein excretion, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Further in vitro studies demonstrated that si-Nedd4L suppressed mitochondrial fission and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, effects antagonized by si-CaMKKβ. In summary, the findings provided herein provide strong evidence that dysregulated NEDD4L disturbs mitochondrial homeostasis by negatively modulating CaMKKβ in the context of DKD. This evidence underscores the potential of therapeutic interventions targeting NEDD4L and CaMKKβ to safeguard renal tubular function in the management of DKD.

Keywords: CaMKKβ; Diabetic kidney disease; Mitochondrial homeostasis; NEDD4L.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase* / metabolism
  • Diabetic Nephropathies* / metabolism
  • Diabetic Nephropathies* / pathology
  • Down-Regulation*
  • Homeostasis*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mitochondria* / metabolism
  • Mitochondrial Dynamics
  • Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases* / genetics
  • Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases* / metabolism
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Protein Stability
  • Proteolysis
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism

Substances

  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase
  • Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases
  • Nedd4l protein, mouse
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • CAMKK2 protein, human
  • Camkk2 protein, mouse