Efficacy of recombinant erythropoietin for the late treatment of anemia of prematurity in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit: a retrospective single-center cohort study

J Perinatol. 2024 Jun;44(6):892-896. doi: 10.1038/s41372-024-02001-6. Epub 2024 May 21.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the population to which we administered recombinant erythropoietin and to determine the effectiveness of this treatment as quantified by the change in hematocrit.

Study design: This retrospective chart review study included infants who received erythropoietin for the treatment of anemia of prematurity.

Results: There were 132 infants representing 162 unique treatment courses included in the study. The average duration of therapy was 9 days (±7) and 6 doses (±2). The average change in hematocrit (Hct) was 6.2% (SD 3.9%, p < 0.001). Rise in Hct was associated with a higher number of rEPO doses (p < 0.001) and higher postmenstrual age (p < 0.001). In our small cohort we did not find an association between the number of rEPO doses and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) requiring treatment.

Conclusion: Erythropoietin is safe and effective at treating anemia of prematurity as evidenced by a clinically and statistically significant increase in Hct from baseline.

MeSH terms

  • Anemia / drug therapy
  • Anemia, Neonatal* / drug therapy
  • Erythropoietin* / administration & dosage
  • Erythropoietin* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Gestational Age
  • Hematocrit
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Premature*
  • Intensive Care Units, Neonatal*
  • Male
  • Recombinant Proteins* / administration & dosage
  • Recombinant Proteins* / therapeutic use
  • Retinopathy of Prematurity / drug therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Erythropoietin
  • Recombinant Proteins