Somatomedin-C/insulin-like growth factor I was purified from human plasma using a monoclonal antibody affinity column. Combining immunoaffinity chromatography with standard protein purification methods resulted in an overall recovery of 18%. The 35 micrograms of somatomedin-C/insulin-like growth factor I purified from 500 ml of plasma appeared as a single band when analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and could be used in radioimmunoassay and receptor binding studies.