Quality assessment of radiotherapy in the prospective randomized SENOMAC trial

Radiother Oncol. 2024 Aug:197:110372. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110372. Epub 2024 Jun 10.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Recommendations for regional radiotherapy (RT) of sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive breast cancer are debated. We here report a RT quality assessment of the SENOMAC trial.

Materials and methods: The SENOMAC trial randomized clinically node-negative breast cancer patients with 1-2 SLN macrometastases to completion axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) or SLN biopsy only between 2015-2021. Adjuvant RT followed national guidelines. RT plans for patients included in Sweden and Denmark until June 2019 were collected (N = 1176) and compared to case report forms (CRF). Dose to level I (N = 270) and the humeral head (N = 321) was analyzed in detail.

Results: CRF-data and RT plans agreed in 99.3 % (breast/chest wall) and in 96.6 % of patients (regional RT). Congruence for whether level I was an intended RT target was lower (78 %). In accordance with Danish national guidelines, level I was more often an intended target in the SLN biopsy only arm (N = 334/611, 55 %,) than in the cALND arm (N = 174/565, 31 %,). When an intended target, level I received prescribed dose to 100 % (IQR 98-100 %) of the volume. However, even when not an intended target, full dose was delivered to > 80 % of level I (IQR 75-90 %). The intentional inclusion of level I in the target volume more than doubled the dose received by ≥ 50 % of the humeral head.

Conclusion: Congruence between CRF data and RT plans was excellent. Level I received a high dose coverage even when not intentionally included in the target. Including level I in target significantly increased dose to the humeral head.

Keywords: (omission of) sentinel lymph node biopsy; Axillary treatment; Breast cancer; Incidental radiotherapy dose; Radiotherapy quality assurance; Radiotherapy techniques; Treatment planning.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Axilla
  • Breast Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Breast Neoplasms* / radiotherapy
  • Denmark
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymph Node Excision
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / radiotherapy
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Quality Assurance, Health Care
  • Radiotherapy Dosage
  • Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Sentinel Lymph Node / pathology
  • Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
  • Sweden