Immunomethylomic profiles of long-term head and neck squamous cell carcinoma survivors on immune checkpoint inhibitors

Epigenomics. 2024;16(11-12):799-807. doi: 10.1080/17501911.2024.2343274. Epub 2024 May 17.

Abstract

Aim: This study addresses the challenge of predicting the response of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients to immunotherapy.Methods: Using DNA methylation cytometry, we analyzed the immune profiles of six HNSCC patients who showed a positive response to immunotherapy over a year without disease progression.Results: There was an initial increase in CD8 T memory cells and natural killer cells during the first four cycles of immunotherapy, which then returned to baseline levels after a year. Baseline CD8 T cell levels were lower in HNSCC immunotherapy responders but became similar to those in healthy subjects after immunotherapy.Conclusion: These findings suggest that monitoring fluctuations in immune profiles could potentially identify biomarkers for immunotherapy response in HNSCC patients.

Keywords: DNA methylation; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; immune checkpoint inhibitors; immune profiles; immunomethylomics; methylation cytometry.

Plain language summary

[Box: see text].

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Cancer Survivors
  • DNA Methylation*
  • Female
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms* / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors* / pharmacology
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
  • Killer Cells, Natural / immunology
  • Killer Cells, Natural / metabolism
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck* / drug therapy
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck* / genetics
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck* / immunology
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck* / therapy

Substances

  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors