Standardized generation of human iPSC-derived hematopoietic organoids and macrophages utilizing a benchtop bioreactor platform under fully defined conditions

Stem Cell Res Ther. 2024 Jun 18;15(1):171. doi: 10.1186/s13287-024-03785-2.

Abstract

Background: There is a significant demand for intermediate-scale bioreactors in academic and industrial institutions to produce cells for various applications in drug screening and/or cell therapy. However, the application of these bioreactors in cultivating hiPSC-derived immune cells and other blood cells is noticeably lacking. To address this gap, we have developed a xeno-free and chemically defined intermediate-scale bioreactor platform, which allows for the generation of standardized human iPSC-derived hematopoietic organoids and subsequent continuous production of macrophages (iPSC-Mac).

Methods: We describe a novel method for intermediate-scale immune cell manufacturing, specifically the continuous production of functionally and phenotypically relevant macrophages that are harvested on weekly basis for multiple weeks.

Results: The continuous production of standardized human iPSC-derived macrophages (iPSC-Mac) from 3D hematopoietic organoids also termed hemanoids, is demonstrated. The hemanoids exhibit successive stage-specific embryonic development, recapitulating embryonic hematopoiesis. iPSC-Mac were efficiently and continuously produced from three different iPSC lines and exhibited a consistent and reproducible phenotype, as well as classical functionality and the ability to adapt towards pro- and anti-inflammatory activation stages. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis revealed high macrophage purity. Additionally, we show the ability to use the produced iPSC-Mac as a model for testing immunomodulatory drugs, exemplified by dexamethasone.

Conclusions: The novel method demonstrates an easy-to-use intermediate-scale bioreactor platform that produces prime macrophages from human iPSCs. These macrophages are functionally active and require no downstream maturation steps, rendering them highly desirable for both therapeutic and non-therapeutic applications.

Keywords: Bioreactor; Cell manufacturing; Drug screening; Hematopoiesis; Macrophages; Organoids; Up-scaling; hiPSC.

MeSH terms

  • Bioreactors*
  • Cell Culture Techniques / instrumentation
  • Cell Culture Techniques / methods
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Hematopoiesis
  • Humans
  • Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells* / cytology
  • Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells* / metabolism
  • Macrophages* / cytology
  • Macrophages* / metabolism
  • Organoids* / cytology
  • Organoids* / metabolism