Risk factors affecting the utilization of eye care services evaluated by the CDC's behavior risk factor surveillance system from 2018 to 2021

Front Public Health. 2024 Jun 10:12:1335427. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1335427. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

When thinking about major health concerns in the U.S. and around the world, eye care ranks lower compared to cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. However, people do not think about the direct connection between diabetes and eye health. Untreated diabetes can lead to visual impairments such as blindness or difficulty seeing. Studies have found that eye health associated with nutrition, occupational exposure, diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease are some of the known risk factors. This study aimed to identify the potential risk factors that are associated with visual impairment (VI). The data used for this analysis were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from 2018 to 2021. We found important characteristics, such as the U.S. region, general health perception, employment status, income status, age, and health insurance source, that are associated with VI. Our study confirmed that the common demographical factors including age, race/ethnicity, the U.S. region, and gender are associated with VI. The study also highlights associations with additional risk factors such as health insurance source, general health perceptions, employment status, and income status. Using this information, we can reach out to communities with large numbers of individuals experiencing vision challenges and help educate them on prevention and treatment protocols, thereby effectively addressing VI and blindness challenges within our communities, neighborhoods, and finally, the broader society.

Keywords: diabetic retinopathy; eye care utilization; glaucoma; health disparities; quality of life; risk factors.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System*
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Risk Factors
  • United States
  • Vision Disorders / epidemiology
  • Young Adult

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.