Investigating brain structure and tDCS response in obsessive-compulsive disorder

J Psychiatr Res. 2024 Sep:177:39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.06.053. Epub 2024 Jun 29.

Abstract

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors, with associated brain abnormalities in various regions. This study explores the correlation between neural biomarkers and the response to transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in OCD patients. Using structural MRI data from two tDCS trials involving 55 OCD patients and 28 controls, cortical thickness, and gray matter morphometry was analyzed. Findings revealed thicker precentral and paracentral areas in OCD patients, compared to control (p < 0.001). Correlations between cortical thickness and treatment response indicated a significant association between a thinner precentral area and reduced Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) scores (p = 0.02). While results highlight the complexity of treatment response predictors, this study sheds light on potential neural markers for tDCS response in OCD patients. Further investigations with larger datasets are warranted to better understand the underpinnings of these biomarkers and their implications for personalized treatment approaches.

Keywords: Motor cortex; Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI); Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS).

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain / pathology
  • Brain / physiopathology
  • Cerebral Cortex / diagnostic imaging
  • Cerebral Cortex / pathology
  • Cerebral Cortex / physiopathology
  • Female
  • Gray Matter / diagnostic imaging
  • Gray Matter / pathology
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder* / diagnostic imaging
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder* / pathology
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder* / physiopathology
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder* / therapy
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*
  • Young Adult