Untargeted faecal metabolomics for the discovery of biomarkers and treatment targets for inflammatory bowel diseases

Gut. 2024 Oct 7;73(11):1909-1920. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329969.

Abstract

The gut microbiome has been recognised as a key component in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and the wide range of metabolites produced by gut bacteria are an important mechanism by which the human microbiome interacts with host immunity or host metabolism. High-throughput metabolomic profiling and novel computational approaches now allow for comprehensive assessment of thousands of metabolites in diverse biomaterials, including faecal samples. Several groups of metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolites and bile acids, have been associated with IBD. In this Recent Advances article, we describe the contribution of metabolomics research to the field of IBD, with a focus on faecal metabolomics. We discuss the latest findings on the significance of these metabolites for IBD prognosis and therapeutic interventions and offer insights into the future directions of metabolomics research.

Keywords: CROHN'S DISEASE; INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE; INTESTINAL MICROBIOLOGY; ULCERATIVE COLITIS.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Bile Acids and Salts / metabolism
  • Biomarkers* / analysis
  • Biomarkers* / metabolism
  • Feces* / chemistry
  • Feces* / microbiology
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome* / physiology
  • Humans
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases* / metabolism
  • Metabolomics* / methods

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Bile Acids and Salts