Mechanical Behaviour of Novel Nanohybrid Resin Composite Using Two Light Cure Systems

Ghada H Naguib; Jumana Mazhar; Abeer Alnowaiser; Abdulghani Mira; Hisham Mously; Rabab Aljawi; Samar H Abuzinadah; Mohamed T Hamed

doi:10.1016/j.identj.2024.07.004

Mechanical Behaviour of Novel Nanohybrid Resin Composite Using Two Light Cure Systems

Int Dent J. 2024 Jul 29:S0020-6539(24)00189-8. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.07.004. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Ghada H Naguib¹, Jumana Mazhar², Abeer Alnowaiser³, Abdulghani Mira⁴, Hisham Mously⁵, Rabab Aljawi³, Samar H Abuzinadah⁴, Mohamed T Hamed⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: gnagieb@kau.edu.sa.
² King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

PMID: 39079838
DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.07.004

Abstract

Introduction: Zein-incorporated magnesium oxide nanoparticles (zMgO NPs) were found to be effective against the bacteria S. mutans, S. aureus, E. faecalis and C. albicans, and can impart this antimicrobial effect on the resin composite it is integrated with. However, the effect of different light curing systems on the mechanical properties of this novel biomaterial has yet to be investigated. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of light-emitting diode (LED) and quarts-tungsten halogen (QTH) light curing systems on the compressive strength, flexural strength, and microhardness of bulk-fill resin composite modified with zMgO NPs.

Methodology: A Teflon mold was used to fabricate 180 bulk-fill composite samples with concentrations of zMgO NPs at 0%, 0.3% and 0.5% (n = 60). Samples of each group were allocated to light curing by LED or QTH, after which 10 samples of each group were allotted to a mechanical test. Characterization of the specimens was performed by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test was conducted at P = .05 to determine significance.

Results: The characterization revealed a uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the matrix and the formation of a new hybrid composite that maintained its properties. The compressive strength of the 0.3% zMgO composite for the QTH group significantly increased, while the remaining groups underwent no significant change. There was no significant difference among the groups for the flexural strength and microhardness tests.

Conclusion: The modified composites' compressive strength, flexural strength, and microhardness improved or remained consistent. Long-term clinical studies can further substantiate the enhanced resin composite.

Clinical relevance: The modified composite will exhibit similar or improved mechanical properties whether an LED or QTH light cure device is used. The addition of an antimicrobial effect to bulk-fill resin composite will aid in the prevention of secondary caries.

Keywords: Bulk fill composite; Light cure; Magnesium oxide nanoparticles; Mechanical properties; Resin composite.