Mrc1 regulates parental histone segregation and heterochromatin inheritance

Mol Cell. 2024 Sep 5;84(17):3223-3236.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2024.07.002. Epub 2024 Aug 1.

Abstract

Chromatin-based epigenetic memory relies on the symmetric distribution of parental histones to newly synthesized daughter DNA strands, aided by histone chaperones within the DNA replication machinery. However, the mechanism of parental histone transfer remains elusive. Here, we reveal that in fission yeast, the replisome protein Mrc1 plays a crucial role in promoting the transfer of parental histone H3-H4 to the lagging strand, ensuring proper heterochromatin inheritance. In addition, Mrc1 facilitates the interaction between Mcm2 and DNA polymerase alpha, two histone-binding proteins critical for parental histone transfer. Furthermore, Mrc1's involvement in parental histone transfer and epigenetic inheritance is independent of its known functions in DNA replication checkpoint activation and replisome speed control. Instead, Mrc1 interacts with Mcm2 outside of its histone-binding region, creating a physical barrier to separate parental histone transfer pathways. These findings unveil Mrc1 as a key player within the replisome, coordinating parental histone segregation to regulate epigenetic inheritance.

Keywords: H3K9 methylation; Mcm2; Mrc1; Swi7; epigenetic inheritance; heterochromatin; histone.

MeSH terms

  • Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism
  • DNA Polymerase I / genetics
  • DNA Polymerase I / metabolism
  • DNA Replication*
  • Epigenesis, Genetic*
  • Heterochromatin / genetics
  • Heterochromatin / metabolism
  • Histones* / genetics
  • Histones* / metabolism
  • Protein Binding
  • Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins* / genetics
  • Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins* / metabolism
  • Schizosaccharomyces* / genetics
  • Schizosaccharomyces* / metabolism

Substances

  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • DNA Polymerase I
  • Heterochromatin
  • Histones
  • Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins