UPLC-ESI MS/MS- and GC-MS-Based Altitudinal Variations in the Bioactive Potential of Mikania micrantha and Ageratum houstonianum

Garima Singh; Ajit Kumar Passari; N Senthil Kumar; Brijesh Kumar; S Chandra Nayak; Heera Ram; Bhim Pratap Singh

doi:10.1007/s12010-024-05005-2

UPLC-ESI MS/MS- and GC-MS-Based Altitudinal Variations in the Bioactive Potential of Mikania micrantha and Ageratum houstonianum

Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2024 Aug 8. doi: 10.1007/s12010-024-05005-2. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Garima Singh¹, Ajit Kumar Passari², N Senthil Kumar³, Brijesh Kumar⁴, S Chandra Nayak⁵, Heera Ram⁶, Bhim Pratap Singh⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Botany, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
² Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, 31350, Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico.
³ Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
⁴ Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility Division, CSIR, Lucknow, 226031, India.
⁵ DOS in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570005, India.
⁶ Department of Zoology, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, 342001, India. hr.zo@jnvu.edu.in.
⁷ Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, NIFTEM-Kundli, Sonepat, 131028, Haryana, India. bpsingh@niftem.ac.in.

PMID: 39115787
DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-05005-2

Abstract

Traditional medicinal plants have attracted scientific interest due to their bioactive compounds, and the levels of their constituents vary with location and altitude. The present study was designed to evaluate the pharmacological potential of two selected traditional medicinal plants, Mikania micrantha and Ageratum houstonianum collected from two sites, Murlen National Park (MNP) and Dampa Tiger Reserve (DTR), located at different altitudes. Both plant species are used by local traditional healers in Mizoram, Northeast India, to treat various health problems. We hypothesized that altitudinal variation would affect these plants' chemical composition and bioactive potential. Plant extracts were evaluated for antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The results show that the plants located at a higher altitude, i.e., MNP, showed higher TPC (615.7 ± 0.58 and 453.80 ± 0.95 µg gallic acid equivalents/mg of plant extract dry weight (µg GAE/mg) for M. micrantha and A. houstonianum , respectively) and TFC (135.4 ± 0.46 and 120.66 ± 1.93 µg quercetin equivalents/mg of plant extract dry weight (µg GE/mg) for M. micrantha and A. houstonianum, respectively). The extract of A. houstonianum. (MNP) exhibited significantly greater antioxidant activity against ABTS radicals (IC₅₀ 241.6 µg/mL) as compared to the extract of A. houstonianum (DTR) (IC₅₀ 371.2 µg/mL). The composition of the bioactive compounds present in the plants was determined using UPLC-ESI MS/MS and GC/MS, which detected five and ten compounds in the A. houstonianum and M. micrantha extracts, respectively. Plant species collected from the Murlen National Park site had high bioactivity potential and contained several bioactive compounds. A distinct variation between the volatile and non-volatile compounds was revealed. The collective data in this study show the influence of altitude on the biological compound production of selected medicinal plants. The findings will be utilized in the plant material needed for developing bioactive formulations.

Keywords: Ageratum houstonianum; Mikania micrantha; Altitude variation; GC–MS; Traditional medicinal plants; UPLC-ESI MS/MS.