Adaptive Optics Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Organoid Transplantation in Retinitis Pigmentosa

Cureus. 2024 Jul 19;16(7):e64962. doi: 10.7759/cureus.64962. eCollection 2024 Jul.

Abstract

This study evaluates the transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived retinal organoids into patients with advanced retinitis pigmentosa using adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT) to monitor retinal changes over two years post transplantation. Our results confirmed successful engraftment and increased retinal thickness, with AO-OCT providing detailed visualization of cellular structures such as an outer plexiform layer-like line and highly reflective particles within rosette-like formations, indicative of photoreceptor development. Immunohistological analysis in a parallel monkey model confirmed these structures as mature, functional photoreceptor rosettes. The integration of high-resolution AO-OCT with immunohistology provides critical insights into the structural and functional outcomes of transplantation and represents a promising advancement in the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases.

Keywords: adaptive optics; photoreceptor cells; retina-like organoids; retinal cell transplantation; retinitis pigmentosa.

Grants and funding

Yasuhiko Hirami: CiRA Foundation provided allogeneic iPSCs and Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. handled the manufacturing of iPSC-derived retinal organoids; Tu Hung-Ya: CiRA Foundation provided allogeneic iPSCs and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) 18bm0204002h0006 provided a research grant for preclinical studies at RIKEN; and Michiko Mandai: CiRA Foundation provided allogeneic iPSCs; Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. was involved in manufacturing iPSC-derived retinal organoids; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) JP19bk0104082 provided a research grant for clinical study at Kobe City Eye Hospital; and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) 18bm0204002h0006 provided a research grant for preclinical studies at RIKEN.