Flourishing at the end of life

Theor Med Bioeth. 2024 Oct;45(5):401-425. doi: 10.1007/s11017-024-09679-x. Epub 2024 Aug 20.

Abstract

Flourishing is an increasingly common construct employed in the study of human wellbeing. But its appropriateness as a framework of wellbeing at certain stages of life is contested. In this paper, we consider to what extent it is possible for someone to flourish at the end of life. People with terminal illness often experience significant and protracted pain and suffering especially when they opt for treatments that prolong life. Certain aspects of human goods, however, that are plausibly constitutive of flourishing-such as meaning and purpose, deep personal relationships, and character and virtue-can be uniquely realised when life is ending. We argue that there is a qualified sense in which one can flourish at the end of life but that one must make important modifications to the criteria implicit in conventional conceptions of flourishing. We close with a discussion of the empirical assessment of wellbeing at the end of life and explore the possibility of introducing a flourishing measure in palliative care practice.

Keywords: Aristotle; Death; End of life; Eudaimonia; Flourishing; Terminal illness; Wellbeing.

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Pain / psychology
  • Palliative Care* / ethics
  • Palliative Care* / methods
  • Palliative Care* / psychology
  • Personal Satisfaction
  • Quality of Life
  • Terminal Care* / ethics
  • Terminal Care* / methods
  • Terminal Care* / psychology
  • Terminally Ill / psychology