Assessment of preoperative health-related quality of life in patients undergoing thyroidectomy based on patient-reported outcomes

Lei Liu; Yuqing Xiang; Lujing Xiong; Chao Li; Wei Dai; Jinchuan Hu; Chunyan Shui; Yuqiu Zhou; Xu Wang; Linjie Ma; Nan Xu; Bintao Hu; Yongcong Cai

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1329175

Assessment of preoperative health-related quality of life in patients undergoing thyroidectomy based on patient-reported outcomes

Front Psychol. 2024 Aug 8:15:1329175. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1329175. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Lei Liu^{1

2}, Yuqing Xiang^{1

3}, Lujing Xiong^{1

2}, Chao Li¹, Wei Dai⁴, Jinchuan Hu^{1

3}, Chunyan Shui¹, Yuqiu Zhou¹, Xu Wang¹, Linjie Ma¹, Nan Xu¹, Bintao Hu^{1

3}, Yongcong Cai^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
² School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
³ Graduate School, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
⁴ Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Abstract

Introduction: To evaluate the preoperative health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and influencing factors of HRQoL in patients undergoing thyroidectomy based on patient-reported outcomes.

Materials and methods: Patients who were diagnosed and treated in Sichuan Cancer Hospital from February 2022 to December 2022 and were scheduled to undergo thyroidectomy were included. Each participant completed the basic information questionnaire and patient-reported outcome assessment scales before surgery. HRQoL was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), the Thyroid Cancer-Specific Quality of Life (THYCA-QoL), and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). The Wilcoxon rank sum test or the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the association between patient characteristics and HRQoL, and the variables with statistical significance were included in multiple linear regression analysis.

Results: 450 patients were included in the study. According to the analysis of the THYCA-QoL scores, the psychological subscale was the most complained about. Anxiety was the most common symptom of the HAMA. Factors associated with worse general QoL on the EORTC QLQ-C30 included nondiagnostic/unsatisfactory fine-needle aspiration (FNA) result. Planned lateral neck dissection and nondiagnostic/unsatisfactory FNA result were influential factors for preoperative anxiety. Males and longer sleep duration were associated with better thyroid cancer-specific QoL, better general QoL, and less anxiety.

Conclusion: The preoperative HRQoL of patients undergoing thyroidectomy was generally good. Females, insufficient sleep duration, planned lateral neck dissection, and nondiagnostic/unsatisfactory FNA result were associated with worse preoperative HRQoL.

Keywords: anxiety; factors; health-related quality of life; patient-reported outcomes; thyroid neoplasm.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of the article. This research was supported by Chengdu Science and Technology Program (2022-YF05-01847-SN).