Mitral Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair and Clinical Value of Novel Echocardiographic Biomarkers: A Hypothesis-Generating Study

Biomedicines. 2024 Aug 1;12(8):1710. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12081710.

Abstract

Background: Longitudinal data on reverse cardiac remodeling and outcomes after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) are limited.

Methods: A total of 78 patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) were included retrospectively. All patients had echocardiography at baseline and again six months after TEER. They were monitored for a primary composite endpoint, consisting of heart failure hospitalization and cardiovascular death, over 13 months.

Results: Significant decreases in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), all myocardial work indices (except global wasted work), and the left atrial reservoir were observed after TEER. Additionally, there was a decrease in the pulmonary artery systolic pressure and an increase in the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/pulmonary artery systolic pressure (TAPSE/PASP) ratio. A post-TEER TAPSE/PASP ratio of <0.47 (HR: 4.76, p-value = 0.039), and a post-TEER left atrial reservoir of <9.0% (HR: 2.77, p-value = 0.047) were associated with the primary endpoint.

Conclusions: Echocardiography post-TEER reflects impairment in ventricular performance due to preload reduction and right ventricle and pulmonary artery coupling improvement. Short-term echocardiography after TEER identifies high-risk patients who could benefit from a close clinical follow-up. The prognostic significance of LA strain and the TAPSE/PASP ratio should be validated in subsequent large-scale prospective studies.

Keywords: cardiovascular death; heart failure hospitalization; left atrial strain; mitral regurgitation; myocardial work; transcatheter edge-to-edge repair; ventricle–pulmonary artery coupling.

Grants and funding

Belahnech, Y. is supported by a research non-conditioned grant (Rio Hortega CM22/00242).