Regular moderate physical activity potentially accelerates and strengthens both the pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediator response after acute exercise stress

Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2024 Mar:202:102642. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102642. Epub 2024 Aug 23.

Abstract

The PUFA-derived lipid mediator response shifts from pro-inflammatory to inflammation resolution over time and may be modified by regular moderate exercise. This pre-post-test study aimed to compare the expression of PTGES2 (COX2) and ALOX15 in leucocytes and the plasma 5- and 15-HETE, 18-HEPE and 17-HDHA responses after unaccustomed resistance exercise between 18-35-year-old male recreational runners (n = 18) and less-active controls (n = 15). One repetition maximum (1RM) was determined for squats, 45° leg presses and leg extensions. Subsequently three sets of 8-10 repetitions were performed at 80 % 1RM and blood collected over 72 hours. PTGES2 and ALOX15 expression changed over time in runners (P = 0.016, P = 0.007) but not controls (P = 0.631, P = 0.539). 5- and 15-HETE changed over time in runners (P < 0.001, P = 0.022), but not controls (P = 0.457, P = 0.985). 18-HEPE changed in runners and controls (P < 0.001, P = 0.024), 17-HDHA changed borderline in runners (P = 0.076). In conclusion, pro-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving lipid mediators may respond sooner and more robust in recreational runners than less-active controls after strenuous resistance exercise.

Keywords: Gene expression; Inflammation; Lipid mediator response; Post-exercise; Recreational runners; Resistance exercise.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase* / metabolism
  • Exercise* / physiology
  • Humans
  • Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids / blood
  • Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids / metabolism
  • Inflammation / metabolism
  • Leukocytes / metabolism
  • Male
  • Resistance Training
  • Running / physiology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase
  • ALOX15 protein, human
  • Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids