The final walk with preptin

PLoS One. 2024 Sep 12;19(9):e0309726. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309726. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Preptin, a 34-amino acid peptide derived from pro-IGF2, is believed to influence various physiological processes, including insulin secretion and the regulation of bone metabolism. Despite its recognized involvement, the precise physiological role of preptin remains enigmatic. To address this knowledge gap, we synthesized 16 analogs of preptin, spanning a spectrum from full-length forms to fragments, and conducted comprehensive comparative activity evaluations alongside native human, mouse and rat preptin. Our study aimed to elucidate the physiological role of preptin. Contrary to previous indications of broad biological activity, our thorough analyses across diverse cell types revealed no significant biological activity associated with preptin or its analogs. This suggests that the associations of preptin with various diseases or tissue-specific abundance fluctuations may be influenced by factors beyond preptin itself, such as higher levels of IGF2 or IGF2 proforms present in tissues. In conclusion, our findings challenge the conventional notion of preptin as an isolated biologically active molecule and underscore the complexity of its interactions within biological systems. Rather than acting independently, the observed effects of preptin may arise from experimental conditions, elevated preptin concentrations, or interactions with related molecules such as IGF2.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Insulin / metabolism
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor II* / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Peptide Fragments / metabolism
  • Protein Precursors / metabolism
  • Rats

Substances

  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor II
  • preptin
  • Protein Precursors
  • Peptide Fragments
  • IGF2 protein, human
  • Insulin

Grants and funding

The work was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (grant No. 19-14069S (to LZ) and 22-12243S (to MT)), by the National Institute for Research of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (Program EXCELES, ID Project No. LX22NPO5104) - Funded by the European Union – Next Generation EU and by the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (Research Project RVO:6138963, support to the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry). the funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.