Oncolytic adenovirus MEM-288 encoding membrane-stable CD40L and IFNβ induces an anti-tumor immune response in high grade serous ovarian cancer

Neoplasia. 2024 Nov:57:101056. doi: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.101056. Epub 2024 Sep 13.

Abstract

Single agent immune checkpoint inhibitors have been ineffective for patients with advanced stage and recurrent high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Using pre-clinical models of HGSOC, we evaluated the anti-tumor and immune stimulatory effects of an oncolytic adenovirus, MEM-288. This conditionally replicative virus encodes a modified membrane stable CD40L and IFNβ. We demonstrated this virus successfully infects HGSOC cell lines and primary human ascites samples in vitro. We evaluated the anti-tumor and immunostimulatory activity in vivo in immune competent mouse models. Intraperitoneal delivery of MEM-288 decreased ascites and solid tumor burden compared to controls, and treatment generated a systemic anti-tumor immune response. The tumor microenvironment had a higher proportion of anti-tumor macrophages and decreased markers of angiogenesis. MEM-288 is a promising immunotherapy agent in HGSOC, with further pre-clinical studies required to understand the mechanism of action in the peritoneal microenvironment and clinical activity in combination with other therapies.

Keywords: Ascites; ELISA; ELISPOT; Immunotherapy; Intraperitoneal; Microenvironment; Oncolytic virus; Ovarian cancer.

MeSH terms

  • Adenoviridae* / genetics
  • Animals
  • CD40 Ligand* / genetics
  • CD40 Ligand* / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous* / genetics
  • Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous* / immunology
  • Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous* / pathology
  • Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous* / therapy
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Genetic Vectors / administration & dosage
  • Genetic Vectors / genetics
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy / methods
  • Interferon-beta* / genetics
  • Interferon-beta* / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Oncolytic Virotherapy* / methods
  • Oncolytic Viruses* / genetics
  • Oncolytic Viruses* / immunology
  • Ovarian Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Ovarian Neoplasms* / immunology
  • Ovarian Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Ovarian Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Tumor Microenvironment* / immunology
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays*

Substances

  • Interferon-beta
  • CD40 Ligand