Assessment of the presence of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus in chicken meat, eggs and faeces in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh

Kazi Rafiq; Aminatu Abubakar Sani; Muhammad Tofazzal Hossain; Md Tarek Hossain; Md Hadiuzzaman; Mohammad Abdus Sattar Bhuiyan

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36690

Assessment of the presence of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus in chicken meat, eggs and faeces in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh

Heliyon. 2024 Aug 23;10(17):e36690. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36690. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.

Authors

Kazi Rafiq¹, Aminatu Abubakar Sani^{1

2}, Muhammad Tofazzal Hossain³, Md Tarek Hossain¹, Md Hadiuzzaman³, Mohammad Abdus Sattar Bhuiyan^{1

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
² Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria.
³ Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
⁴ Department of Cardiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract

The emergence of bacteria that is resistant to several drugs of clinical importance poses a threat to successful treatment, a phenomenon known as multidrug resistance that affects diverse classes of antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus in chicken egg, meat and faeces from four districts of Bangladesh. A total of 120 chicken samples were collected from different poultry farms. Conventional culture and molecular detection methods were used for identification of bacterial isolates from the collected samples followed by antibiotic susceptibility test through the disc diffusion method, finally antibiotic resistant genes were detected by PCR. E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were detected in meat, egg and faecal samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility results revealed isolates from faeces were 100 % resistant to amoxicillin, while all S. aureus and Salmonella sp. from faeces were resistant to doxycycline, tetracycline and erythromycin. Salmonella spp. isolates from eggs indicated 100 % resistance to erythromycin, amoxycillin, while E. coli were 100 % resistant to erythromycin. E. coli and S. aureus from meat were 100 % resistant to amoxicillin and erythromycin. However, Salmonella spp. from eggs were 100 % susceptible to doxycycline, gentamicin, levofloxacin and tetracycline. The mecA and aac(3)-IV genes were only found in S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. The Sul1, tetB, and aadA1 were highest in Salmonella spp. and S. aureus, while the sul1, tetA and bla _SHV were higher in E. coli. Isolates from all samples were multidrug resistant. These findings indicate a high risk of transmission of resistance genes from microbial contamination to food of animal origin. The study emphasizes the need for effective biosecurity measures, responsible antibiotic use, and strict regulations in poultry production to prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance.

Keywords: AMR; Bangladesh; Foodborne pathogens; MDR bacteria; Poultry.