Senoinflammation as the underlying mechanism of aging and its modulation by calorie restriction

Ageing Res Rev. 2024 Nov:101:102503. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102503. Epub 2024 Sep 14.

Abstract

Senoinflammation is characterized by an unresolved low-grade inflammatory process that affects multiple organs and systemic functions. This review begins with a brief overview of the fundamental concepts and frameworks of senoinflammation. It is widely involved in the aging of various organs and ultimately leads to progressive systemic degeneration. Senoinflammation underlying age-related inflammation, is causally related to metabolic dysregulation and the formation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) during aging and age-related diseases. This review discusses the biochemical evidence and molecular biology data supporting the concept of senoinflammation and its regulatory processes, highlighting the anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects of calorie restriction (CR). Experimental data from CR studies demonstrated effective suppression of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, lipid accumulation, and SASP during aging. In conclusion, senoinflammation represents the basic mechanism that creates a microenvironment conducive to aging and age-related diseases. Furthermore, it serves as a potential therapeutic target for mitigating aging and age-related diseases.

Keywords: Age-related diseases; Aging; Calorie restriction; Metabolic dysregulation; SASP; Senoinflammation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aging* / metabolism
  • Aging* / physiology
  • Animals
  • Caloric Restriction* / methods
  • Humans
  • Inflammation* / metabolism
  • Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype