Incidence of medical device-related pressure injuries and identification of risk factors in the neonatal unit

Zalihe Yarkıner; Arzu Bahar; Münevver Sönmez; Emine Kapan; Simge Şahin; Ezgi Köstekçi; Ömer Erdeve

doi:10.1016/j.jtv.2024.09.005

Incidence of medical device-related pressure injuries and identification of risk factors in the neonatal unit

J Tissue Viability. 2024 Sep 17:S0965-206X(24)00141-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jtv.2024.09.005. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Zalihe Yarkıner¹, Arzu Bahar², Münevver Sönmez³, Emine Kapan⁴, Simge Şahin⁵, Ezgi Köstekçi⁶, Ömer Erdeve⁷

Affiliations

¹ Cyprus International University Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Northern Cyprus Via Mersin, Turkey. Electronic address: zyarkiner@ciu.edu.tr.
² Yuksek Ihtisas University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fundamentals of Nursing, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: arzubahar@yiu.edu.tr.
³ Faculty of Health Science, Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Atılım University, 06830, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: munevver.sonmez@atilim.edu.tr.
⁴ Ankara University Medical Sciences Faculty, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neonatology, Turkey. Electronic address: aydnemine4@gmail.com.
⁵ Ankara University Medical Sciences Faculty, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neonatology, Turkey. Electronic address: simge_sahin_92@hotmail.com.
⁶ Ankara University Medical Sciences Faculty, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neonatology, Turkey. Electronic address: ezgikostekci@gmail.com.
⁷ Ankara University Medical Sciences Faculty, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neonatology, Turkey. Electronic address: erdeve@ankara.edu.tr.

PMID: 39304460
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2024.09.005

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to investigate the incidence of medical device-related pressure injuries (MDRPIs) and the risk factors influencing their occurrence in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Method: This study is a prospective, descriptive study. The research was conducted with 116 newborns between June 1, 2022, and June 1, 2023. Newborns who stayed in the neonatal intensive care unit for at least 24 h were observed daily for medical device-related pressure injuries under and around each medical device throughout their stay in the intensive care unit. The "Case Report Form," "MDRPIs Monitoring Form," "Braden Q scale for children," National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP) Pressure Grading, and Glasgow Coma Scale were used in the research.

Results: The incidence of medical device-related pressure injuries is 35.3 % (41/116). It was found that 38.1 % (16/42) of medical device-related pressure injuries developed due to Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) probes, and 33.5 % (14/42) developed due to medical devices related to the respiratory system. In terms of anatomical location, 38.1 % occurred on the forehead, and 23.8 % on the arm/leg. The difference between birth weight, gestational age, development of MDRPIs in newborns receiving sedation and inotropes was found to be statistically significant. Regression analysis identified gestational age (p = 0.040, OR = 0.795, 95%CI = [0.632-1.000]) as an independent risk factor for the occurrence of medical device-related pressure injuries.

Conclusions: The incidence of medical device-related pressure injuries in newborns was relatively high in this study, with gestational age being the most significant risk factor for MDRPIs formation. It is crucial for neonatal intensive care nurses to consider associated risk factors while providing newborn care and implement appropriate preventive measures to reduce the incidence of MDRPIs.

Keywords: Medical device-related pressure injuries; Neonatal intensive care unit; Newborn; Nursing.