TRIVALVE Score: A Risk Score for Mortality/Hospitalization Prediction in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Intervention

JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2024 Sep 23;17(18):2170-2179. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2024.08.009.

Abstract

Background: Transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention (TTVI) has been increasingly adopted in recent years for the treatment of patients with tricuspid regurgitation (TR). However, no dedicated risk stratification has been established for patients undergoing TTVI.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to propose a dedicated risk score for patients affected by severe TR undergoing TTVI.

Methods: The score was derived from the TRIVALVE (International Multisite Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Therapies Registry; NCT03416166) registry, according to data availability. A stepwise model approach was used on predictor variables to develop a scoring system for predicting 12-month mortality or rehospitalization using multivariable logistic regression. Internal discrimination, calibration, and validation were assessed using receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis and bootstrapping with 1,000 resamples.

Results: A total of 483 patients were included in the study, with an overall 12-month mortality or rehospitalization rate of 19% (n = 94). The final risk score, ranging from 0 to 4.5, included the following 5 parameters (adjusted for age and gender): 1) atrial fibrillation at baseline; 2) glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min; 3) elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase/bilirubin levels; 4) signs of right heart failure; and 5) left ventricular ejection fraction <50%. The bias-corrected area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 68% (95% CI: 62%-75%). A cutoff value of 2.5 demonstrated sensitivity of 65.4% and specificity of 60.5% for the outcome.

Conclusions: The present study proposes a dedicated risk score for patients undergoing TTVI, providing an additional and simple tool for heart teams to select the best therapy for patients affected by severe TR.

Keywords: risk prediction; transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention; tricuspid regurgitation; tricuspid risk score; tricuspid valve.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cardiac Catheterization* / adverse effects
  • Cardiac Catheterization* / instrumentation
  • Cardiac Catheterization* / mortality
  • Clinical Decision-Making
  • Decision Support Techniques*
  • Female
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / adverse effects
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / instrumentation
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / mortality
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Readmission*
  • Predictive Value of Tests*
  • Registries*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency* / diagnostic imaging
  • Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency* / mortality
  • Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency* / physiopathology
  • Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency* / surgery
  • Tricuspid Valve* / diagnostic imaging
  • Tricuspid Valve* / physiopathology
  • Tricuspid Valve* / surgery