Influence of Pain, Risk Factors, and Functional Ability on Physical Activity Levels in Women with Anterior Knee Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Sep 7;60(9):1467. doi: 10.3390/medicina60091467.

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Anterior knee pain (AKP) refers to chronic prepatellar pain and is one of the most common knee complaints in physically active women. This condition can significantly affect daily activities and overall quality of life. This study aims to assess the impact of pain, risk factors, and functional ability on different levels of physical activity (comparing low versus moderate activity) in women with AKP. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved fifty-six women diagnosed with AKP (aged 20-45 years) who were equally allocated into low and moderate physical activity groups. Their AKP and functional ability were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and double squats and step-down tests, respectively. Possible risk factors were assessed using the Q-angle, modified Thomas test, sit and reach test, and patellar glide test. A person's correlation coefficient and independent t-tests were used to determine the relationship and the differences between these variables while keeping the confidence interval level at 95%. Result: Women with moderate activity levels showed significantly higher scores on the VAS than those with low activity levels (p = 0.040). However, both groups had no significant difference in their functional ability or potential risk factors (p > 0.05). Additionally, their functional ability (double squat) showed a positive association with hamstring flexibility (Pearson correlation coefficient [r]:0.3; p = 0.006). Conclusions: Women with AKP who were engaged in moderate physical activity experienced higher levels of pain compared to those with low activity levels. These findings underscore the urgent need for further investigation into different levels of physical activity to develop appropriate prevention and treatment strategies for women with AKP.

Keywords: activity level; anterior knee pain; function ability; patellofemoral pain; risk factors.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Arthralgia / physiopathology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Exercise* / physiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Knee Joint / physiopathology
  • Middle Aged
  • Pain Measurement / methods
  • Quality of Life
  • Risk Factors

Grants and funding

This study was funded by the Deanship of Postgraduate Studies and Scientific Research through the project number PGR-2024-1279 at Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia. The funding body played no role in the study design, manuscript writing, or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.