In vitro diagnostics of drug allergies

Abstract

In vitro diagnostics for drug hypersensitivity reactions distinguish between serological and cellular-based tests. A serological test used for the diagnosis of immediate type reactions is the detection of specific IgE antibodies. The cellular tests include the basophil activation test for immediate type reactions and the lymphocyte transformation test, which is mainly used to detect delayed type hypersensitivity reactions. Further cellular-based tests are the CAST-ELISA and the mast cell activation test. None of the above-mentioned tests can definitively exclude an allergy if the result is negative. In addition, it is important to note that even a positive test result is not necessarily associated with an allergy but has to be interpreted in the clinical context.

Keywords: Drug allergy; in vitro diagnostics; lymphocyte transformation test.