The Role of CAR T-Cell Therapy in Relapsed/Refractory Adult B-ALL

J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2024 Oct;22(8):e247065. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2024.7065.

Abstract

CAR T-cell therapy is a recent therapeutic advancement that has transformed the management of relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). To date, there are 2 FDA-approved CAR-T products for R/R B-ALL: tisagenlecleucel in patients aged <26 years and brexucabtagene autoleucel in those aged ≥18 years. This review summarizes the pivotal clinical trials that led to FDA approval of these 2 products and highlight emerging data addressing key questions pertinent to CAR-T utilization in the rapidly evolving landscape of R/R ALL management. These include optimal sequencing of CAR-T among other novel immunotherapeutic agents, the role of consolidation and maintenance following CAR-T, novel CAR-T constructs currently under clinical development, and strategies to optimize use of commercially available CAR-T products to improve patient outcomes.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / methods
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / therapy
  • Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / immunology
  • Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / therapy
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / genetics
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / immunology
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / therapeutic use
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen* / immunology
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen* / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • tisagenlecleucel