Exploring reported population differences in Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) in the Pomo Pits region of the Adriatic Sea using genome-wide markers

PeerJ. 2024 Oct 21:12:e17852. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17852. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

The Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) is one of the most important decapod crustacean seafood species in the Adriatic Sea. Previous research has identified significant differences in growth rates and maturation timing of Nephrops in the Pomo/Jabuka Pits area compared to other subpopulations in Adriatic fishing grounds. Here, we use 1,623 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to investigate whether the Pomo Pits subpopulation is genetically different from other sites in the Adriatic and neighbouring seas. We found no genetic differentiation among all sampled Adriatic sites, suggesting high gene flow between Pomo Pits Nephrops and those of surrounding areas. We also found genetic homogeneity between the Adriatic sites and single-site samples from the Aegean and Tyrrhenian Seas. However, we detected distinct genetic differentiation between all Mediterranean sites and an Atlantic site in western Scotland, which provides evidence for a phylogenetic break between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Our results indicate that Pomo Pits Nephrops are not genetically different from others sampled in the Adriatic and that key biological parameters in Pomo Pits Nephrops could be driven by spatial variation in fishing pressure and/or environmental factors rather than geographic isolation.

Keywords: Adriatic Sea; Dublin Bay prawn; Fisheries management; Gene flow; Mediterranean; Nephrops norvegicus; Pomo/Jabuka Pit; Population genetic structure; Single nucleotide polymorphisms.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Gene Flow
  • Genetic Markers / genetics
  • Genetics, Population
  • Genome-Wide Association Study
  • Nephropidae* / genetics
  • Phylogeny
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*

Substances

  • Genetic Markers

Grants and funding

This research was supported by a grant (Genetic analysis of Nephrops norvegicus in the Adriatic Sea, No. 722111) from the European Union Joint Research Centre, Water and Marine Resources Unit. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.