Gliflozins, sucrose and flavonoids are allosteric activators of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase

Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 30;14(1):26085. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77104-3.

Abstract

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) serves as a pivotal enzyme in preserving cholesterol homeostasis via reverse cholesterol transport, a process closely associated with the onset of atherosclerosis. Impaired LCAT function can lead to severe LCAT deficiency disorders for which no pharmacological treatment exists. LCAT-based therapies, such as small molecule positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), against LCAT deficiencies and atherosclerosis hold promise, although their efficacy against atherosclerosis remains challenging. Herein we utilized a quantitative in silico metric to predict the activity of novel PAMs and tested their potencies with in vitro enzymatic assays. As predicted, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (gliflozins), sucrose and flavonoids activate LCAT. This has intriguing implications for the mechanism of action of gliflozins, which are commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and for the endogenous activation of LCAT. Our results underscore the potential of molecular dynamics simulations in rational drug design.

MeSH terms

  • Allosteric Regulation / drug effects
  • Flavonoids* / chemistry
  • Flavonoids* / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Molecular Dynamics Simulation*
  • Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase* / metabolism
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Sucrose* / metabolism
  • Sucrose* / pharmacology

Substances

  • Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  • Flavonoids
  • Sucrose
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors