Risk of cognitive decline among patients with dengue virus infection: A systematic review

Lakshmi Thangavelu; Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab; Abdullah Farasani; Suhas Ballal; Pooja Bansal; Deepak Nathiya; Kiranjeet Kaur; M Ravi Kumar; Aashna Sinha; Hayam A Alrasheed; Maha F Al-Subaie; Nawal A Al Kaabi; Ali Al Bshabshe; Mona A Al Fares; Hawra Albayat; Ali A Rabaan; Kumud Pant; Quazi Syed Zahiruddin; Arathi P Rao; Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib; Hassan Ahmad Alfaifi; Syam Mohan; Sanjit Sah; Prakasini Satapathy

doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyae053

Risk of cognitive decline among patients with dengue virus infection: A systematic review

Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2024 Nov 2:pyae053. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyae053. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Lakshmi Thangavelu¹, Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab², Abdullah Farasani³, Suhas Ballal⁴, Pooja Bansal⁵, Deepak Nathiya⁶, Kiranjeet Kaur⁷, M Ravi Kumar⁸, Aashna Sinha⁹, Hayam A Alrasheed¹⁰, Maha F Al-Subaie^{11

12}, Nawal A Al Kaabi^{13

14}, Ali Al Bshabshe¹⁵, Mona A Al Fares¹⁶, Hawra Albayat¹⁷, Ali A Rabaan^{18

19

11}, Kumud Pant^{20

21}, Quazi Syed Zahiruddin²², Arathi P Rao²³, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib²⁴, Hassan Ahmad Alfaifi²⁵, Syam Mohan^{26

27}, Sanjit Sah^{28

29

30}, Prakasini Satapathy^{31

32}

Affiliations

¹ Center for Global health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveeth University, India.
² Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
⁵ Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan-303012, India.
⁶ Department of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University, Jaipur, India.
⁷ Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of College, Jhanjeri, Mohali - 140307, Punjab, India.
⁸ Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh-531162, India.
⁹ School of Applied and Life Sciences, Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
¹⁰ Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
¹¹ Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group, Riyadh 13328, Saudi Arabia.
¹² College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
¹³ College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates.
¹⁴ Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company (SEHA), Abu Dhabi, 51900, United Arab Emirates.
¹⁵ Adult critical care Department of medicine, Division of adult critical care, College of medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62561, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁶ Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁷ Infectious Disease Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 7790, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁸ Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁹ Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan.
²⁰ Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University) Clement Town Dehradun- 248002, India.
²¹ Department of Allied Sciences, Graphic Era Hill University Clement Town Dehradun- 248002, India.
²² Global South Asia Infant Feeding Research Network (SAIFRN), Division of Evidence Synthesis, Global Consortium of Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India.
²³ Department of Health Policy, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal - 576104, India.
²⁴ Division of Evidence Synthesis, Global Consortium of Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India.
²⁵ Pharmaceutical Care Administration (Jeddah Second Health Cluster), Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.
²⁶ Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
²⁷ School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
²⁸ SR Sanjeevani Hospital, Kalyanpur, Siraha 56517, Nepal.
²⁹ Department of Paediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India.
³⁰ Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India.
³¹ University Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
³² Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, AL-Mustaqbal University, 51001 Hillah, Babil, Iraq.

PMID: 39487786
DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyae053

Abstract

Background: Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus and transmitted through Aedes mosquitoes, is a growing public health concern, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Traditionally associated with febrile and hemorrhagic symptoms, recent research suggests a potential link between dengue and cognitive impairments. This systematic review assessed existing research to understand the association between dengue virus infection and cognitive impairments, including dementia, Alzheimer's disease, memory loss, and confusion.

Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to January 18, 2024. Studies examining the prevalence and association of cognitive impairments in dengue patients were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using Nested Knowledge software and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Results: Of the 1,129 articles identified, five were included in the review, covering a total of 200,873 participants from Taiwan, Brazil, and France. Evidence from population-based cohort studies indicated short-term cognitive impairments, including confusion and memory loss, in some dengue patients. Additionally, long-term risks of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, were observed, particularly among older adults. Although the findings suggest there might be an association between dengue infection and cognitive decline, the mechanisms underlying this link remain unclear.

Conclusion: This systematic review suggests that dengue virus infection may affect cognitive function in both acute and long-term contexts. However, the current evidence is not strong enough to establish a conclusive link. Further research with larger sample sizes and longitudinal studies is essential to confirm the impact of dengue virus on cognitive health.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s; Cognitive Impairment; Dementia; Dengue; Systematic Review.