Recent advancements in endoscopy, including high-definition imaging, virtual chromoendoscopy, and optical magnification, have enhanced our ability to visualize and diagnose certain esophageal diseases. Innovative endoscopic tools and procedures have been developed to broaden the scope of therapeutic options for treating patients with various esophageal conditions. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the esophageal anatomy and major disorders from an endoscopist's perspective and explore recent advances in endoscopic treatment.
Keywords: Achalasia; Barrett’s-related neoplasm; Endoscopic submucosal dissection; Esophageal diverticulum; Esophageal subepithelial tumor; Esophageal superficial squamous cell carcinoma; Peroral endoscopic myotomy; Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection.
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