Hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of Jasminum officinale L. with identification and characterization of phytocompounds

Mehak Thakur; Rachna Verma; Dinesh Kumar; Sivakumar Manickam; Riaz Ullah; Mohamed A Ibrahim; Ahmed Bari; H Lalhenmawia; Deepak Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39165

Hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of Jasminum officinale L. with identification and characterization of phytocompounds

Heliyon. 2024 Oct 10;10(21):e39165. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39165. eCollection 2024 Nov 15.

Authors

Mehak Thakur¹, Rachna Verma^{1

2}, Dinesh Kumar³, Sivakumar Manickam⁴, Riaz Ullah⁵, Mohamed A Ibrahim⁵, Ahmed Bari⁶, H Lalhenmawia⁷, Deepak Kumar⁸

Affiliations

¹ School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, HP, 173212, India.
² Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech republic.
³ School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, HP, 173229, India.
⁴ Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
⁵ Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Pharmacy, Regional Institute of Paramedical and Nursing Sciences, Aizawl, 796017, Mizoram, India.
⁸ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, HP, 173229, India.

Abstract

The utilization of plant-derived chemicals with anti-diabetic properties is widely promoted for its advantageous tactics in managing diabetes, as they are cost-effective and have minimal or no adverse effects. Therefore, this work investigates the medicinal plant Jasminum officinale L. leaves by extraction and bio-guided fractionation. The ethyl acetate fraction showed a higher yield of 36.4 %. A phytochemical test on Jasminum officinale confirmed flavonoids, saponins, phenols, and tannins. The highest total phenol and flavonoid contents in the ethyl acetate fraction of J. officinale are 103.01 ± 1.1 mg GAE/g and 80.29 ± 1.03 mg QUE/ value found in methanol crude extract. Furthermore, HPTLC analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction detected the existence of flavonoids (kaempferol) and phenols (gallic acid, quercetin, and rutin). The compounds detected at the greatest concentrations in the LC-M/MS analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction were cirsiliol, kaempferol, and 2-tridecanone. Additionally, J. officinale (IC₅₀ 33.845 ± 1.09 μg/mL) demonstrated the highest DPPH scavenging activity in EAF like that of ascorbic acid (IC₅₀ 22.27 ± 0.96 μg/mL). Also, in the FRAP assay, the IC₅₀ of this fraction is 15.14 ± 0.25 μM Fe equivalents. In the range of alpha-amylase deactivating action, from 13.25 % to 74.51 %, and IC₅₀ value (47.40 ± 0.29 μg/mL) was significantly higher in the ethyl acetate fraction of J. officinale leaf extract. Moreover, J. officinale leaf extract had a substantially higher retention of glucose level (23.92 ± 0.85 % to 87.21 ± 0.6 %), significantly higher anti-inflammatory activity with the lowest IC₅₀ value (66.00 ± 1.84), and lipid peroxidation (IC₅₀ value 34.67 ± 1.69) by utilizing egg yolk as a substrate for lipids. Overall, the study revealed that J. officinale has considerable anti-diabetic characteristics. However, further comprehensive research is necessary to ascertain the medicinal purposes of J. officinale and its chemical components, pharmacological effects, and clinical uses.

Keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Antioxidant; Diabetes; Glucose uptake; Jasminum officinale; Phytochemicals.