Protecting Emergency Responders with Evidence-Based Interventions (PEREI): protocol for a randomized controlled trial for early career emergency responders, significant others, and supervisors

Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2024;15(1):2420459. doi: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2420459. Epub 2024 Nov 12.

Abstract

Background: Emergency service personnel perform roles associated with high levels of trauma exposure and stress, and not surprisingly experience greater risk for poor mental health including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and substance use relative to the general population. Although programs exist to minimise the risk of developing mental health problems, their efficacy to date has been limited or untested. We will test the efficacy of the three programs which form PEREI: Protecting Emergency Responders with Evidence-Based Interventions. PEREI consists of modified versions of internet-delivered cognitive training in resilience (iCT-R) for early career first responders, PEREI-S for supervisors, and Be Well for Significant Others (BW-SO).Method: Up to 450 members in their first 5 years of service across multiple agencies will be recruited, with their adult supports (significant others, friends) invited to participate. Up to 180 supervisors in the agencies will be recruited. Participants will be randomized to their respective program or to receive the standard practice for mental health offered by the service (or usual mental health support for significant others). Assessments will be conducted pre- and post-program, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Primary outcome is PTSD and depression severity and probable-diagnosis. Secondary measures will index hypothesized mediators and moderators of outcome and determine whether the programs are cost-effective.Conclusions: The results will provide evidence as to efficacious methods for reducing risk of mental health problems in high-risk occupations, a better understanding of how such interventions may work, and whether they are good value for money.Trial registration: www.anzctr.org.au (ACTRN12622001267741).

Antecedentes: El personal de los servicios de emergencia realiza funciones asociadas con altos niveles de exposición a traumas y estrés y, como no es de extrañar, experimenta un mayor riesgo de sufrir problemas de salud mental, tales como trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT), depresión, ansiedad y uso de sustancias, en comparación con la población general. Aunque existen programas diseñados para minimizar el riesgo de desarrollar problemas de salud mental, su eficacia hasta la fecha ha sido limitada o no probada. Evaluaremos la eficacia de tres programas que forman PEREI (por sus siglas en ingles): Protegiendo a los Respondedores de Emergencias con Intervenciones Basadas en Evidencia. PEREI consiste en versiones modificadas de un entrenamiento cognitivo en resiliencia entregado por internet (iCT-R) para primeros respondedores en las primeras etapas de su carrera, PEREI-S para supervisores, y Be Well para personas significativas (BW-SO).

Método: Se reclutarán hasta 450 miembros en sus primeros 5 años de servicio en múltiples agencias, junto con sus apoyos adultos (parejas significativas, amigos) invitados a participar. Se reclutarán hasta 180 supervisores en las agencias. Los participantes serán asignados aleatoriamente a sus respectivos programas o a recibir la práctica estándar de apoyo para la salud mental ofrecida por el servicio (o el apoyo habitual para las personas significativas). Las evaluaciones se realizarán antes y después del programa, así como a los 6 y 12 meses de seguimiento. El resultado principal es la gravedad y el diagnóstico probable de TEPT y depresión. Las medidas secundarias evaluarán mediadores y moderadores hipotéticos del resultado y determinarán si los programas son rentables.

Conclusiones: Los resultados proporcionarán evidencia sobre métodos eficaces para reducir el riesgo de problemas de salud mental en ocupaciones de alto riesgo, una mejor comprensión de cómo funcionan estas intervenciones y si son rentables.

Keywords: First responder; Primer respondedor; bienestar; depresión; depression; entrenamiento; estrés postraumático; posttraumatic stress; prevención; prevention; resilience; resiliencia; training; wellbeing.

Plain language summary

Reducing the risk of mental health problems in first responders is critical given the frequent exposure to trauma as well as the occupational and organisational stress inherent in the role.This study will test a program for early career first responders aimed at maintaining resilience and preventing mental health problems, such as posttraumatic stress disorder and depression.The study is unique in examining the effectiveness of programs for three relevant groups: early career first responders, significant others, and supervisors within the emergency services.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
  • Emergency Responders* / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Resilience, Psychological
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* / therapy

Grants and funding

The research is funded by the Movember and The Distinguished Gentleman’s Ride Veterans and First Responders Mental Health Grant Program, Breakthrough Mental Health Research Foundation, and Flinders University.