Reconstruction of Maxillary Bone Defects With Cellular Bone Matrix Allografts

Jeffrey S Marschall; Stephen S Davis; Oscar Rysavy; George M Kushner

doi:10.1177/19433875241288138

Reconstruction of Maxillary Bone Defects With Cellular Bone Matrix Allografts

Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2024 Sep 24:19433875241288138. doi: 10.1177/19433875241288138. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Jeffrey S Marschall¹, Stephen S Davis², Oscar Rysavy³, George M Kushner²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
² Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
³ Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.

Abstract

Study design: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Reconstruction of maxillary bone defects can be completed with vascularized and non-vascularized autografts. Cellular bone matrix allografts (CBMs), which have lineage committed bone cells, has risen as an alternative. The purpose of this study was to describe our experience and to determine the success of CBM based maxillary reconstruction in a variety of clinical scenarios.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was designed and implemented using data from subjects who presented to the University of Louisville and were treated with a CBM for maxillary reconstruction from 2019 to 2023. Subjects were excluded if they were not treated with a CBM, data were not complete, or postoperative follow-up time was less than 3 months. Descriptive statistics were calculated for each variable. To measure the associations between the risk factors and graft success, Fisher's exact test was implemented. A P-value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Results: The sample included 48 subjects. The mean age of all subjects was 43 ± 24 years. Overall, 42 (87.5%) cases were successful. The perioperative antibiotic administered (P = 0.02), etiology (P = 0.021), and the addition of platelet rich fibrin or autograft as an adjunct influenced CBM success (P = 0.039).

Conclusions: CBMs are a viable option for reconstruction of maxillary bone defects. CBMs may be an alternative to autografts.

Keywords: cellular bone matrix; maxilla reconstruction; tissue engineering.