Close female friendships and knowledge of recommended abortion methods in Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo among a representative sample of reproductive-aged women

Selena P Anjur-Dietrich; Alice Rhoades; Pierre Z Akilimali; Funmilola M OlaOlorun; Elizabeth Omoluabi; Suzanne O Bell

doi:10.3389/frph.2024.1453717

Close female friendships and knowledge of recommended abortion methods in Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo among a representative sample of reproductive-aged women

Front Reprod Health. 2024 Oct 31:6:1453717. doi: 10.3389/frph.2024.1453717. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Selena P Anjur-Dietrich¹, Alice Rhoades¹, Pierre Z Akilimali², Funmilola M OlaOlorun³, Elizabeth Omoluabi⁴, Suzanne O Bell¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
² Public Health, Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
³ Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
⁴ Department of Statistics and Population Studies, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.

Abstract

Introduction: There is a high incidence of unsafe abortion among women in Nigeria and the DRC. Low knowledge of recommended abortion methods [i.e., surgical and medication abortion (MA) pills] is a barrier for women accessing safe abortions. Women often rely on friends for information about abortion methods. Understanding characteristics of women with knowledge of recommended abortion methods, and MA specifically, and how it is influenced by close female friendships may help identify women most at risk of relying on unsafe abortion.

Methods: We used survey data from Performance Monitoring for Action from 11,106 women of reproductive age in Nigeria (April-May 2018) and 3,697 women in Kinshasa and Kongo Central, DRC, (December 2021-April 2022) to produce representative estimates of knowledge of abortion methods at the national and province levels, respectively. We performed bivariate and multivariate logistic regression to determine which characteristics were independently associated with knowing a recommended abortion method, with knowing of MA pills specifically, and to assess our hypothesis that having at least one female confidante would increase one's odds of knowing about these methods.

Results: A minority (26.9%) of women in Nigeria and the majority in Kinshasa (76.7%) and Kongo Central (58.1%) reported having knowledge of at least one recommended abortion method, while knowledge of MA pills was low in all sites. Having at least one close female confidante was associated with increased odds of knowing a recommend abortion method in Nigeria (aOR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.25-1.79) and in Kongo Central (aOR = 2.66, 95% CI 1.40-5.40), and with increased odds of knowing about MA specifically in Kinshasa (aOR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.08-1.93) and Kongo Central (aOR = 3.61, 95% CI 1.28-10.22), but not Nigeria.

Discussion: In legally restrictive contexts where knowledge of recommended abortion methods (particularly medication abortion) is low, having close female friends is related to increased knowledge of recommended abortion methods.

Keywords: Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); Nigeria; abortion; abortion knowledge; female friendship; medication abortion; social networks.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Funding for this study was provided by an Anonymous Donor and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (IVN009639; https://www.gatesfoundation.org/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.