2023 Year in Review: High-Flow Nasal Cannula for COVID-19

Respir Care. 2024 Nov 18;69(12):1587-1591. doi: 10.4187/respcare.12580.

Abstract

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, led to a pandemic of acute respiratory illness that is ongoing. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a commonly used form of respiratory support during acute respiratory distress and is used to treat patients with COVID-19 in many centers. Due to the novel nature of COVID-19 at the onset of the pandemic, evidence to support the use and best practices of HFNC for treating patients with COVID-19 was lacking. This is a review of key peer-reviewed manuscripts from 2022-2023 discussing the efficacy and best practices for using HFNC for patients with COVID-19. Efficacy of HFNC for COVID-19, the use of the respiratory oxygenation index to guide HFNC for COVID-19, and concerns of generated/fugitive aerosols when using HFNC for COVID-19 are emphasized.

Keywords: COVID-19; HFNC; ROX; SARS-CoV-2; fugitive aerosols; high-flow nasal cannula; respiratory oxygenation index.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19* / complications
  • COVID-19* / therapy
  • Cannula*
  • Humans
  • Oxygen Inhalation Therapy* / instrumentation
  • Oxygen Inhalation Therapy* / methods
  • SARS-CoV-2