Novel Therapies for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

Tarun Biswas; Angelica Lehker; Debabrata Mukherjee

doi:10.2174/011871529X345190241113103911

Novel Therapies for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets. 2024 Nov 19. doi: 10.2174/011871529X345190241113103911. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Tarun Biswas¹, Angelica Lehker², Debabrata Mukherjee³

Affiliations

¹ Tulip Nursing Home, 96 R,B.C. Road, Kolkata, India.
² Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Texas Tech University, El Paso, United States of America.
³ Chairman, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Texas Tech University, El Paso, United States of America.

PMID: 39563216
DOI: 10.2174/011871529X345190241113103911

Abstract

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a type of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) characterized by hepatocyte injury and inflammation, in addition to only the presence of steatosis NAFLD. We review the existing data on available novel therapies for NASH and NAFLD and also discuss several therapies in development. We assessed therapies for NASH by searching the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science (SCI) from their inception dates until September 15, 2024. Search terms used were: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, liver inflammation and hepatocyte injury.Until very recently, therapeutic lifestyle change was the primary modality of treatment for NASH, including modification of diet and physical activity. The FDA recently approved resmetirom using its expedited approval mechanism for NASH. There are also several pharmacotherapies in development for NASH which aim at weight loss, insulin sensitization and improvement in lipid levels, although some drugs may have multiple effects which are discussed. The availability of resmetirom offers patients with NASH an effective adjunctive therapy in addition to lifestyle changes. Several other novel therapies are also currently being tested and will add to our therapeutic armamentarium.

Keywords: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis; cardiovascular events; dyslipidemia.; inflammation; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; thyroid hormone receptor beta.